Sentencing calculators.
Federal sentencing runs on a table, not a headline number. These tools let you work the offense level and criminal history category the way the court will - before anyone tells you what to expect.
The tools.
Look up the guideline range for any combination of offense level and criminal history category, straight off the USSG table the judge starts from.
What courts actually do against what the table says - the gap between the guideline range and the sentence imposed, by district and offense type.
A range is a starting point, not a sentence. Departures, variances, and the record you build before the hearing are what move the number.
These tools reproduce the Sentencing Commission's table and published data. They do not account for the enhancements, reductions, mandatory minimums, statutory maximums, or cooperation credit that decide most real cases - and no calculator output should be read as a prediction of what any court will do.