Jun 4, 2025

What Is a Federal Target Letter

Understanding Target Letters in Federal Investigations

When individuals become involved in a federal investigation, they may receive a document known as a “target letter.” This letter can be a source of anxiety and confusion, especially for those unfamiliar with the federal criminal justice process.

What is a Target Letter?

A target letter is a formal notification from a federal prosecutor, typically from the U.S. Department of Justice, informing an individual that they are the target of a federal grand jury investigation. Being labeled a “target” means that prosecutors believe there is substantial evidence linking the individual to a crime and that they may be indicted in the future.

What is the purpose of the target letter?

The primary purpose of a target letter is to inform the recipient of their status in a criminal investigation. It serves as a warning that the government has substantial evidence against them and that they may face criminal charges. The letter may also outline the alleged offenses, provide information about the investigation, and invite the recipient to testify before a grand jury or meet with prosecutors.

Who Sends Target Letters?

Target letters are typically sent by federal prosecutors, such as Assistant United States Attorneys, on behalf of the U.S. Department of Justice. In some cases, other federal agencies involved in the investigation, like the FBI, may be referenced in the letter, but the communication itself usually comes from the prosecuting office.

What Should You Do If You Receive a Target Letter?

Receiving a target letter is a serious matter. Recipients are strongly advised to consult with an experienced criminal defense attorney before responding or taking any action. Anything said to investigators or prosecutors can be used as evidence, so legal counsel is crucial to protect one’s rights and interests.

What Happens After Receiving a Target Letter?

After receiving a target letter, the recipient may be invited to testify before a grand jury or meet with prosecutors. This is often an opportunity for the individual to cooperate with the investigation, negotiate a plea deal, or provide information that could affect the outcome of the case. However, it can also signal that an indictment is likely forthcoming.

Conclusion

A target letter is a critical document in the federal criminal justice process. Understanding its implications and seeking immediate legal advice are essential steps for anyone who receives one.

What Is a Federal Target Letter