Is Threatening Someone Illegal

Is Threatening Someone Illegal? A Closer Look at Laws on Threats

We’ve all been angry and said things we don’t mean. But when does venting turn into an illegal threat? That’s a tricky question that involves looking at the specific words used and the context around them.

What Legally Counts as a Threat?

For a statement to be an actionable threat, according to FindLaw, it generally needs to meet a few key criteria:

• The threat has to be clear and specific. Something vague like “I’ll make you pay for this” likely doesn’t count.
• There must be an expression of intent to harm or do violence. Just swearing at someone isn’t enough.
• The threat must be communicated directly to the target or released publicly where they can see it.
• The person making the threat has to have the apparent ability to carry it out. For example, threatening to blow up a building when you have no access to explosives.

If a statement checks all those boxes, it could potentially be considered an illegal threat, depending on the exact phrasing and circumstances. Context really matters here.

Types of Threats That Are Often Illegal

While every situation is different, there are some general categories of threats that typically do fall into illegal territory:

1. Threats of Violence

Any genuine threat to physically harm or kill someone is usually illegal. For example, saying “I’m going to beat you up” or “I’ll kill you” often constitutes an illegal threat. Phrasing matters here though. For example, saying “I’m so angry I could just kill you!” in a heated moment may not meet the legal standard if there’s no real intent behind it.

2. Threats Against Public Figures

Threatening public officials, celebrities, or other prominent people can result in charges like threatening the president. Because of their public status, threats against them are often taken very seriously by law enforcement.

3. Terroristic Threats

Threatening violence as part of an attempt to terrorize people or achieve some political, ideological, or religious goal can lead to charges like making terroristic threats or acts. Even if you don’t really intend to do violence, falsely threatening something dangerous can still be illegal.

4. Threats Made in Writing

Putting threats in writing via texts, emails, social media posts, or letters can actually make them more legally problematic. Having threats documented provides clear evidence if charges eventually get filed.

What Kind of Penalties Are Possible?

The specific criminal charges and penalties for making threats depend a lot on the exact nature of the threat and the laws in your jurisdiction. But possible consequences can include:

• Misdemeanor or felony charges for crimes like making threats, threatening the president, terroristic threats, intimidation, etc.
• Serving jail or prison time ranging from a few months to several years
• Owing substantial fines and legal fees
• Having a permanent criminal record

In other words, making threats is not just immoral but can destroy careers, relationships, finances, freedom, and reputation in one fell swoop. So it’s really important to avoid crossing that line, even when emotions run high.

When Are Threats More Likely to Be Legal?

Generally speaking, threats made in the heat of passion, without intent to follow through, directed towards friends rather than strangers, and not made in writing are less likely to face criminal charges if no one feels directly endangered. For example:

• Yelling “I’m going to kill you!” during an argument with your spouse likely doesn’t constitute a criminal threat in most cases.
• Venting frustration by saying “I swear I’m going to punch my boss” to coworkers probably doesn’t cross the legal line.
• Telling someone in person “You’ll regret this!” is less likely to result in charges than sending the same threat via text or email.

However, whenever threats involve issues like domestic violence, workplace disputes, discrimination, or public figures, authorities tend to take them more seriously. Don’t assume no one will care if you threaten someone in the heat of the moment.

What Defenses Can Be Raised Against Threat Charges?

If you find yourself facing criminal charges for threats, possible defenses lawyers may use include:

• Lack of intent – For a threat to be prosecutable, you usually need to have an actual intent to scare or intimidate. If your words weren’t meant literally, that weakens the case against you.
• Hyperbole – Saying something clearly exaggerated like “I’ll strangle you if you do that again!” to a friend might be viewed as hyperbolic rather than an actual threat.
• Mental illness – If mental health issues prevented you understanding the nature of your words or controlling your behavior, that may provide a defense.
• Duress – Being coerced or threatened yourself may excuse threats you made under duress.

The viability of any defense depends a lot on the specific circumstances involved though. Having an experienced lawyer argue your side is crucial.

How Can I Avoid Legal Issues Over Threats?

At the end of the day, the best way to avoid legal jeopardy over threats is simply to avoid making them in the first place. If you ever feel angry enough that you genuinely want to threaten violence or retaliation, remove yourself from the situation instead. Here are some tips:

• If a confrontation seems to be escalating, walk away and give yourself time to calm down before continuing talking or messaging.
• Vent your anger into a journal or to trusted friends rather than taking it out on the target of your feelings.
• Use relaxation techniques like deep breathing whenever you notice your anger flaring up.
• Consider counseling or anger management if you struggle with impulsive threats and emotional regulation.

We all get angry sometimes, but threatening others is never justified and can cause legal headaches that just aren’t worth it. Keep control of your behavior and find healthy outlets for frustration and outrage instead.