Jun 4, 2025

Federal Indictments

Understanding Federal Indictments

What is a Federal Indictment?

A federal indictment is a formal accusation that a person has committed a crime at the federal level. It is typically issued by a grand jury after reviewing evidence presented by federal prosecutors. The indictment outlines the charges against the individual and initiates the criminal prosecution process in federal court.

What does it mean to be federally indicted?

When someone is federally indicted, it means that a grand jury has found sufficient evidence to formally charge them with a federal crime. This does not mean the person is guilty, only that there is probable cause to proceed with a criminal trial. The accused will then have the opportunity to defend themselves in court.

How Does the Indictment Process Work?

The process begins when federal law enforcement agencies investigate a potential crime. If they believe there is enough evidence, prosecutors present the case to a grand jury. The grand jury reviews the evidence and decides whether to issue an indictment. If an indictment is issued, the accused is formally charged and the case moves forward to trial.

Public Access to Federal Indictments

Are federal indictments public information?

Most federal indictments are public records and can be accessed by anyone. Once an indictment is filed with the court, it generally becomes part of the public record unless it is sealed by the judge for specific reasons, such as protecting ongoing investigations or the safety of individuals involved.

Can you look up federal indictments?

Yes, you can look up federal indictments through the Public Access to Court Electronic Records (PACER) system, which provides online access to federal court documents. Some indictments may also be available at the courthouse or through official court websites. However, sealed indictments will not be accessible to the public.

Sealed Indictments

What is a sealed federal indictment?

A sealed federal indictment is an indictment that is not made public. Courts may seal indictments to prevent suspects from fleeing, to protect ongoing investigations, or to safeguard witnesses. Once the reasons for sealing are no longer relevant, the indictment may be unsealed and become part of the public record.

Federal Indictments