Domestic Violence Means

Understanding Domestic Violence

Domestic violence—also called intimate partner violence—refers to a pattern of abusive behavior by one partner against the other in an intimate relationship. This includes physical, sexual, emotional, economic and psychological abuse used to maintain power and control over the victim. Domestic violence affects millions of people of all genders, ages, races, religions, incomes, and education levels.

Defining Domestic Violence

The term “domestic violence” covers a wide range of behaviors, including:

• Physical abuse like hitting, slapping, punching, kicking, strangulation, burning, etc.
• Sexual abuse including rape, unwanted touching, refusing protected sex, etc.
• Emotional or psychological abuse such as name-calling, intimidation, isolation from friends and family, stalking, gaslighting, restricting access to money, etc.

Domestic violence often starts small like name-calling or jealousy over friends, then escalates over time into more severe abuse. While both men and women can be victims or perpetrators, most domestic violence is committed by men against women.

Warning Signs

There are many warning signs that may indicate domestic abuse:

• A partner who tries to control you by being extremely jealous or possessive
• A partner who isolates you from friends and family
• A partner who takes your money or refuses to give you money for expenses
• A partner who has an explosive temper or destroys your belongings

Other signs like constant criticism, name-calling, threats, humiliation, stalking, and physical injuries are also common red flags. However, domestic violence affects each person differently.

Impact on Victims

The trauma from domestic abuse can severely impact a victim’s physical and mental health:

• Injuries like bruises, broken bones, head trauma, internal bleeding, etc.
• Chronic conditions like irritable bowel syndrome, migraines, depression, anxiety, PTSD, insomnia, etc.
• Reproductive issues including miscarriages, stillbirths, and higher maternal mortality rates

Domestic violence also often leads to homelessness and poverty due to loss of jobs, lack of childcare, medical bills, and other struggles.
Sadly, many victims feel ashamed about the abuse which prevents them from seeking help. Some common barriers include:

• Fear of retaliation from the abuser
• Lack of money/resources to leave
• Concern for their children’s safety and well-being
• Cultural or religious reasons
• Love for their partner and hope he/she will change

Seeking Help

If you or someone you know is experiencing domestic violence, it’s important to reach out. Many organizations provide free, confidential help including:

• National Domestic Violence Hotline – 24/7 phone and online chat services
• Local domestic violence shelters – offer safety, legal help, counseling, etc.
• WomensLaw.org – online legal information and resources
• Counselors, therapists, support groups – help process trauma

The first step is safety planning including how to get away safely in an emergency. Advocates can also help with getting protective orders, finding new housing, navigating the legal system, and more.
While leaving an abusive relationship can be extremely difficult, victims deserve to feel safe, supported, and free from violence. There are many people willing to help, so please reach out.

Prevention Strategies

Preventing domestic violence requires education and shifting attitudes that normalize abuse. Some prevention tips include:

• Teaching children and teens about healthy relationships, consent and boundaries
• Speaking up against sexist jokes or language that degrade women
• Supporting campaigns that empower victims like #MeToo
• Funding programs that rehabilitate offenders and provide counseling
• Strengthening laws and policies around domestic violence

It’s also important for friends and family of victims to be supportive, non-judgmental and patient. Recommend speaking to an advocate, offer to go with them, but don’t pressure them. Everyone deserves to live free of violence.